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Sunday, 20 September 2020

Functions of Hormone in Our Body(non endocrine)

Hormones of non endocrine organs:

Hormones

Organs

Functions

ANP

Heart

Atrial natriuretic peptide causing a reduction in expand extracellular fluid (ECF) volume by increasing renal sodium excretion and important roles in regulating blood pressure, most prominently through their activity in the kidney to promote excretion of water and sodium.

 

BNP

Heart

Brain natriuretic peptide helps to promote diuresis, natriuresis, vasodilation of the systemic and pulmonary vasculature, and reduction of circulating levels of endothelin and aldosterone

 

CNP

Heart

C-type natriuretic peptide possess potent natriuretic, diuretic, and vasodilating activities and are implicated in body fluid homeostasis and blood pressure control.

 

Erythropoietin

Kidneys

Erythropoietin stimulates the bone marrow to produce more red blood cells. The resulting rise in red cells increases the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood

Renin–angiotensin

 

Kidneys

Regulates blood pressure and fluid and electrolyte balance, as well as systemic vascular resistance

 

Calcitriol

Kidneys

Bioactive vitamin D or calcitriol has a important role in regulating body levels of calcium and phosphorus, and in mineralization of bone.

 

Somatomedins

Liver

Somatomedins inhibit the release of growth hormones by acting directly on anterior pituitary and by stimulating the secretion of somatostatin from the hypothalamus.

 

Angiotensin

Liver

It can increase blood pressure by constricting the blood vessels and maintain fluid balance in the body. It can also trigger thirst or the desire for salt. Angiotensin is responsible for the release of the pituitary gland’s anti-diuretic hormone.

 

Gastrin

GIT

Stimulates secretion of gastric acid (HCl) by the parietal cells of the stomach and aids in gastric motility.

 

Somatostatin

GIT

Somatostatin inhibits the secretion of several other hormones, including growth hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, cholecystokinin and insulin.

Secretin

GIT

Secretin helps regulate the pH of the duodenum by (1) inhibiting the secretion of gastric acid from the parietal cells of the stomach and (2) stimulating the production of bicarbonate from the ductal cells of the pancreas. It also stimulates bile production by the liver.

 

Relaxin

Placenta

Responsible for female reproductive system and during pregnancy. In preparation for childbirth, it relaxes the ligaments in the pelvis and softens and widens the cervix.

 

Human chorionic

gonadotropin

Placenta

Human chorionic somatomammotropin helps to

prepare the mammary gland.

Pineal gland

 

 

Melatonin

It plays an important role in the regulation of sleep-wake cycles. Control sexual activity in human. Protects against damage free redicals.


Hormones of non endocrine tissues:

Hormones

Tissues

Functions

Thymosin

Thymocytes

Thymosin stimulates the maturation of T cells, which are derivatives of white blood cells that circulate our system

 

Thymulin

Thymocytes

Thymulin is a thymic hormone produced by thymic epithelial cells (TEC) known to induce intra- and extra thymic T cell differentiation. It is a non appetite whose biological activity and antigenicity depend upon the presence of zinc.

Leptin

Adipose tissue

Extensively regulates the energy intake and expenditure by its influence over feeding behaviour, appetite, hunger and energy metabolism.

 

Adiponectin

Adipose tissue

It plays a role in the suppression of the metabolic derangements that may result in type 2 diabetes, obesity, atherosclerosis and non

alcoholic fatty liver disease.

 

Nitric Oxide

Endothelial Cells

It dilates blood vessels, raising blood supply and lowering blood pressure.

 

Endothelin

Endothelial Cells

Act through two types of receptors ETA and ETB. It has roles in cell survival, bone growth and angiogenesis.

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